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Radio

Radio buttons allow the user to select one option from a set.

Use radio buttons when the user needs to see all available options. If available options can be collapsed, consider using a dropdown menu because it uses less space.

Radio buttons should have the most commonly used option selected by default.

Radio group

RadioGroup is a helpful wrapper used to group Radio components that provides an easier API, and proper keyboard accessibility to the group.

Gender
<FormControl component="fieldset">
  <FormLabel component="legend">Gender</FormLabel>
  <RadioGroup
    aria-label="gender"
    defaultValue="female"
    name="radio-buttons-group"
  >
    <FormControlLabel value="female" control={<Radio />} label="Female" />
    <FormControlLabel value="male" control={<Radio />} label="Male" />
    <FormControlLabel value="other" control={<Radio />} label="Other" />
  </RadioGroup>
</FormControl>

Direction

To lay out the buttons horizontally, set the row prop:

Gender
<FormControl component="fieldset">
  <FormLabel component="legend">Gender</FormLabel>
  <RadioGroup row aria-label="gender" name="row-radio-buttons-group">
    <FormControlLabel value="female" control={<Radio />} label="Female" />
    <FormControlLabel value="male" control={<Radio />} label="Male" />
    <FormControlLabel value="other" control={<Radio />} label="Other" />
    <FormControlLabel
      value="disabled"
      disabled
      control={<Radio />}
      label="other"
    />
  </RadioGroup>
</FormControl>

Controlled

You can control the radio with the value and onChange props:

Gender
<FormControl component="fieldset">
  <FormLabel component="legend">Gender</FormLabel>
  <RadioGroup
    aria-label="gender"
    name="controlled-radio-buttons-group"
    value={value}
    onChange={handleChange}
  >
    <FormControlLabel value="female" control={<Radio />} label="Female" />
    <FormControlLabel value="male" control={<Radio />} label="Male" />
  </RadioGroup>
</FormControl>

Standalone radio buttons

Radio can also be used standalone, without the RadioGroup wrapper.

<Radio
  checked={selectedValue === 'a'}
  onChange={handleChange}
  value="a"
  name="radio-buttons"
  inputProps={{ 'aria-label': 'A' }}
/>
<Radio
  checked={selectedValue === 'b'}
  onChange={handleChange}
  value="b"
  name="radio-buttons"
  inputProps={{ 'aria-label': 'B' }}
/>

Size

Use the size prop or customize the font size of the svg icons to change the size of the radios.

<Radio {...controlProps('a')} size="small" />
<Radio {...controlProps('b')} />
<Radio
  {...controlProps('c')}
  sx={{
    '& .MuiSvgIcon-root': {
      fontSize: 28,
    },
  }}
/>

Color

<Radio {...controlProps('a')} />
<Radio {...controlProps('b')} color="secondary" />
<Radio {...controlProps('c')} color="default" />
<Radio
  {...controlProps('d')}
  sx={{
    color: green[800],
    '&.Mui-checked': {
      color: green[600],
    },
  }}
/>

Label placement

You can change the placement of the label with the FormControlLabel component's labelPlacement prop:

labelPlacement

Show error

In general, radio buttons should have a value selected by default. If this is not the case, you can display an error if no value is selected when the form is submitted:

Pop quiz: Material-UI is...

Choose wisely

Customized radios

Here is an example of customizing the component. You can learn more about this in the overrides documentation page.

Gender
<FormControl component="fieldset">
  <FormLabel component="legend">Gender</FormLabel>
  <RadioGroup defaultValue="female" aria-label="gender" name="customized-radios">
    <FormControlLabel value="female" control={<BpRadio />} label="Female" />
    <FormControlLabel value="male" control={<BpRadio />} label="Male" />
    <FormControlLabel value="other" control={<BpRadio />} label="Other" />
    <FormControlLabel
      value="disabled"
      disabled
      control={<BpRadio />}
      label="(Disabled option)"
    />
  </RadioGroup>
</FormControl>

useRadioGroup

For advanced customization use cases, a useRadioGroup() hook is exposed. It returns the context value of the parent radio group. The Radio component uses this hook internally.

API

import { useRadioGroup } from '@material-ui/core/RadioGroup';

Returns

value (object):

  • value.name (string [optional]): The name used to reference the value of the control.
  • value.onChange (func [optional]): Callback fired when a radio button is selected.
  • value.value (any [optional]): Value of the selected radio button.

Example

<RadioGroup name="use-radio-group" defaultValue="first">
  <MyFormControlLabel value="first" label="First" control={<Radio />} />
  <MyFormControlLabel value="second" label="Second" control={<Radio />} />
</RadioGroup>

When to use

Accessibility

(WAI-ARIA: https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-practices/#radiobutton)

  • All form controls should have labels, and this includes radio buttons, checkboxes, and switches. In most cases, this is done by using the <label> element (FormControlLabel).
  • When a label can't be used, it's necessary to add an attribute directly to the input component. In this case, you can apply the additional attribute (e.g. aria-label, aria-labelledby, title) via the inputProps property.
<Radio
  value="radioA"
  inputProps={{
    'aria-label': 'Radio A',
  }}
/>

API